For example, Gujarati-speaking Gujarat and Marathi-speaking Maharashtra. The State Governments alone can make laws relating to the subjects mentioned in the State List. 1.Why has the government of India not imposed any particular language as an official language for the whole nation? (i) Union List. Much of the government work takes place in the official language of the concerned State. The key features of a federal government are as follows: (i) Two or more levels of Government: In a federal government there are two or more levels of government at the State, provincial and local levels. After independence, the boundaries of many old states of India were changed in order to create new states to ensure that people who spoke the same language, lived in one state. [CBSE 2014] Or Some States were created not on the basis of language but to recognize differences based on culture, ethnicity or geography. How is federalism practised in India ? This ensures that the spirit of federalism, respect for diversity and desire for living together have become a shared ideal in our country. As an exception in India we have third level of government i.e., at the local level. (5) Local government is the best way to realize one important principle of democracy, namely local self-government. Ans. Indian leaders have recognised the need for decentralisation. The Central Government can pass on orders to the provincial or local government. Ans. The highest court acts as an umpire in case of disputes arising between different levels of the government in the exercise of their respective powers, (of) Dual objectives : The federal system, Our Constitution did not give the status of national language to any one language. This ensured that the spirit of federalism, respect for diversity and desire for living together became shared ideals in our country. (1) Our Constitution did not give the status of national language to any one language. (i) Many feminists and women’s movement feel that unless women control power, their problems will not get adequate attention. The fundamental provisions of the constitution cannot be unilaterally changed by one level of government. The U.S. Constitution establishes a government based on "federalism." Usually, partners in a coalition form a political alliance and adopt a common programmed. The Constitution was amended to make the third-tier of democracy more powerful and effective. When Gram Panchayat are grouped together, they form a Panchayat Samiti or Block or Mandal. In case of conflict, the law made by the Union Government will prevail. (iv) Sources of revenue for each level of government are clearly specified to ensure .i financial autonomy. Ans. How are legislative powers divided between Union Government and State Governments? 6.Which administrative authority of India manages subjects of union territories? Explain how the federal experiment has been successful in the matter of formation of states in India. The power sharing arrangement between the union and the state given in the Constitution of India clearly distributes power between the two. A body comprising of all adult members of a village or a group of villages. But the experience has shown that the formation of linguistic States has actually made the country more united. Explain the statement with the help of examples in context to India. (iii) Foundation of democracy : Local governments are most important in a democratic system. Or Local people can also directly participate in the decision making. Federalism is a system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country. These are areas which are too small to become an independent state but which could not be merged with any of the existing states. Both the Union Government as well as the State Governments can make laws on subjects mentioned in this list. Local government has no source of revenue except for the grants from State and Centre, which has political base rather than requirement. 6.Which local body looks after the basic civic amenities in big cities? • State Government The Local government is the best way to realise one important principle of democracy, namely the Local Self-Government. (4) Indians who are not the permanent residents of Jammu and Kashmir, cannot buy land or house here. Ans. 15.What was the main objective of the Constitutional Amendment made in 1992 in India? (ii) Holding Together Federations (2) Earlier, when the demand for the formation of linguistic states was raised, some national leaders feared that it would lead to the disintegration of the country. What are their advantages ? ‘Restructuring the Centre-State relations is an important way in which the Indian Federalism has been strengthened in practice.’ Explain. Name the three tier government system in India. The Constitution declared India as a Union of States-Although, it did not use the word federation. (2) Besides Hindi, there are 21 other languages recognized as Scheduled Languages by the Constitution. In case of any dispute about the division of powers, the High Courts and the Supreme Court take a decision. Its achievements are as follows: (1) (i) When power is taken away from Central and State Governments and given to local government, it is called decentralization of powers. To safeguard and promote the unity of country. (v) Construction, repairing and maintaining public buildings, grazing lands, forest, public wells and tanks in good conditions. Sources of revenue for each level of government are clearly specified to ensure its financial autonomy. However, many non-Hindi-speaking States demanded that the use of English continue. The nature of sharing varies from State to State. (2) State List: It includes 66 subjects like police and jails, agriculture, public health, local government, trade and commerce, liquor, etc. (2) Following are the constitutional steps taken in this Amendment to empower local governments: (i) Before 1992, the local governments were under the control of state government. Promotion does not mean that the Central Government can impose Hindi on States where people speak a different language. 5. Or Explain. These were the years when the single party made the government. (iv) There is a mutual trust and agreement between the government at different levels. States Reorganization Commission was formed because when the demand for the formation of states on the basis of language raised, some national leaders feared that it would lead to the disintegration of country. (ii) At the local level, it is possible for the people to directly participate in decision, making. Union List because it is a subject of national importance and requires a uniform policy throughout the country. How are the powers divided between the states and centre ? Ans. Describe the three forms of power sharing among different organs of government in India. (4) It helps to inculcate the habit of democratic participation. (1) The Constitutional Amendments of 1992 empowered the third tier of government to India and made it more effective and powerful. 9.In which year the boundaries of several old states of India were changed to create new states? The judiciary has played a major role in improving the autonomy of the state governments because many a time, it has rescued state governments which were dismissed in an arbitrary manner. Indians who are not permanent residents of this state cannot buy land or house here. They are included in this list because we need a uniform policy on these matters throughout the country. medianet_versionId="3111299". (ii) The regional parties are playing a very vital role in forming the Union government. 10.Which level of government in India can make laws on the subjects included in the Concurrent List? The third-tier of our country has been made more effective and powerful by the constitutional amendment of 1992 which empowers local government through following Provisions: (1) The Panchayati Raj system of India is the largest experiment in democracy conducted anywhere in the world. Why does the exact balance of power between the Centre and the State Governments vary from one Federation to another ? One is the government for the entire country, and the other governments at the state or provincial level. • The experience has shown that the formation of linguistic States has actually made the country, more united. After the Amendment, these bodies got a constitutional status. What is the rationale for decentralization of power? (1) For a long time, the same party ruled both at the Centre and in most of the States. Ans. Explain any three features of federalism. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. 2) State List: It contains subjects of State and local importance such as police, trade, commerce, agriculture and irrigation. The fundamental provisions of the constitution cannot be unilaterally changed by one level. State Governments Ans. One different feature of Federalism between India and Belgium : In Belgium, there are three Ans. (iii) The jurisdictions of the respective levels or tiers of government are specified constitution. (2) The jurisdictions of the respective levels of government are specified in the Constitution. Why did the makers of our Constitution declare India to be a ‘Union of States’? (1) Indian Constitution divides the power of governance between Union and State which is more or less based on federal structure of the government. Its achievements are as follows: (i)The constitutional status for local government has helped to deepen roots of democracy in India. Describe any four features of federalism. Income tax, excise duty, corporation tax, etc., are levied and collected by the central government, whereas land revenue, stamp duty, building tax, etc., come under the state government. Ans. Restructuring the Centre-State relations is one more way in which federalism has been strengthened in practice. Or . Explain with two examples. Such changes require the consent of both the levels of government. Such changes require the consent of both the levels of government. They also have better ideas and efficient management. 2. The Central Government has special powers in running these areas. 4.Why did the makers of our Constitution declare India to be a ‘Union of States’? (ii) Also, a major judgment of the Supreme Court made it difficult for the Centre to dismiss state governments arbitrarily. 1.In which list of the Indian Constitution does a railway come? Q.1. The creation of Linguistic States was the first and a major test for democratic politics in our country. One-third of seats in local government bodies — in panchayats and municipalities — are now reserved for women. Name the representative body formed by a few Gram Panchayats. 2. India comes under which type of federation? (1)Union List, (2) State List, and (3) Concurrent List. (ii) Three-tier system : As discussed earlier, under a federal government different tiers of the government govern the same citizens. The powers of government have been divided into three lists: (1) Union List: It contains 97 subjects like defense, foreign affairs, railways, post anti- telegraphs, foreign trade and currency and coinage, etc.