Scrubland trees such as the Babool (Vachellia nilotica) and animals such as the Chinkara (Gazella bennettii) are found in the arid Vindhyas. In 1803, following the Second Anglo-Maratha War, when the British East India Company defeated the Maratha Empire, much of the region came under British suzerainty. A typical festive thali consists of Puri, Kachauri, sabji, pulav, papad, raita, salad and desserts (such as sewai or Kheer). Khayal is a form of semi-classical singing which comes from the courts of Awadh. [195] About 70% of India's sugar comes from Uttar Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh Travel Information. [269] The state is also facing challenges such as a shortage of healthcare professionals, increasing cost of healthcare, the mushrooming of private healthcare and a lack of planning. [129][131] The central and eastern districts in particular have very high levels of poverty. Ashe ka Pura from Mapcarta, the free map. The economy of Uttar Pradesh is the fifth-largest state economy in India with ₹17.94 lakh crore (US$250 billion) in gross domestic product and a per capita NSDP of ₹70,000 (US$980). [98] Large tracts of these forests have been cleared for cultivation. [94] Several species of trees, large and small mammals, reptiles, and insects are found in the belt of temperate upper mountainous forests. [44] Ajmer and Jaipur kingdoms were also included in this northern territory, which was named the "North-Western Provinces" (of Agra). Modern human hunter-gatherers have been in Uttar Pradesh[15][16][17] since between around[18] 85,000 and 72,000 years ago. Taj Mahotsav, held annually at Agra, is a colourful display of the culture of the Braj area. [193] With 359 manufacturing clusters, cement is the top sector of SMEs in UP. [167][178][179], Uttar Pradesh also reported the highest number of deaths—23,219—due to road and rail accidents in 2015, according to NCRB data. [30][31] After fall of Pala empire, the Chero dynasty ruled from 12th century to 18th century. Awadh has been greatly influenced by Mughal cooking techniques, and the cuisine of Lucknow bears similarities to those of Central Asia, Kashmir, Punjab and Hyderabad; and the city is known for Nawabi foods. Ballia became known as "Baghi Ballia" (Rebel Ballia) for this significant role in India's independence movement. [245] The 5.14-kilometre-long (3.19-mile) circuit was designed by German architect and racetrack designer Herman Tilke to compete with other world-class race circuits. Uttar Pradesh hosted modern educational institutions such as the Aligarh Muslim University, Banaras Hindu University and Darul Uloom Deoband. [224][225] Other than Zonal Headquarters of Allahabad and Gorakhpur, Lucknow and Moradabad serve as divisional Headquarters of the Northern Railway Division. [96][97] Notable indigenous trees are the astringent Azadirachta indica, or neem, which is widely used in rural Indian herbal medicine and the luxuriant Ficus religiosa, or peepul, consider the tree to be sacred by Hindu and Jain ascetics as this is the tree under which Gautama Buddha is believed to have attained enlightenment. There is intensive cultivation on terraced hill slopes, but irrigation facilities are deficient. [272][273] Around 42 per cent of pregnant women, more than 1.5 million, deliver babies at home. [250] Under the 10+2+3 plan, after completing secondary school, students typically enroll for two years in a junior college, also known as pre-university, or in schools with a higher secondary facility affiliated with the Uttar Pradesh Board of High School and Intermediate Education or a central board. Under the leadership of Akhilesh Yadav, Uttar Pradesh has exceeded 11 five-year plan targets and has established several Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and generated 650,000 employment opportunities across the state. The chaat in Lucknow and Banarasi Paan is known across India for its flavour and ingredients.[292]. The state is divided into 18 divisions and 75 districts, with the capital being Lucknow. Find tehsil map of Uttar Pradesh. [29] Mughal emperors Babur and Humayun ruled from Delhi. Five dynasties ruled over the Delhi Sultanate sequentially: the Mamluk dynasty (1206–90), the Khalji dynasty (1290–1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1414), the Sayyid dynasty (1414–51), and the Lodi dynasty (1451–1526). A month later, Hemu died in the Second Battle of Panipat, and Uttar Pradesh came under Emperor Akbar's rule. [294] Traditional styles of dress include colourful draped garments – such as sari for women and dhoti or lungi for men – and tailored clothes such as salwar kameez for women and kurta-pyjama for men. [99] These forests are confined to areas which have low annual rainfall (50–70 cm), a mean annual temperature of 25–27 °C and low humidity. The Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation was established in 1972 to provide economical, reliable, and comfortable transportation in the state with connecting services to adjoining states[229] and boasts as being the only State Transport Corporation that runs in profit in the entire nation. The public health centres, which are the frontline of the government's health care system, decreased by 8 per cent. The Integral University, a state level institution, was established by the Uttar Pradesh Government to provide education in different technical, applied science, and other disciplines. [240] Due to lack of organised patronage and requisite facilities, these sports survive mostly as individuals' hobbies or local competitive events. [79] Primarily a summer phenomenon, the Bay of Bengal branch of the Indian monsoon is the major bearer of rain in most parts of state. It is situated on the northern spout of India and shares an international boundary with Nepal. Among males the most important reason for migration was Work / Employment.[208]. [13] Uttar Pradesh has largest number of net migrants migrating out of the state. Students choose from one of three streams, namely liberal arts, commerce, or science. [234] and four domestic airports located at Agra, Allahabad, Gorakhpur and Kanpur.